Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim hem kamunun mal\u0131d\u0131r hem de kamu eliyle \u00fcretilmekte olan bir hizmettir. 1984 y\u0131l\u0131nda Vak\u0131f \u00dcniversitelerinin T\u00fcrk Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretimine girmeleriyle bu kamu mal\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zel olarak sunumu ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilkent \u00dcniversitesi (1984), Ko\u00e7 \u00dcniversitesi (1992) ilk vak\u0131f \u00fcniversiteleridir. T\u0131pk\u0131 devlet \u00fcniversitelerinde oldu\u011fu gibi 2547 say\u0131l\u0131 Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011frenim Kanunu\u2019na tabidirler. \u015eu anda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 94 devlet, 38 vak\u0131f \u00fcniversitesi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Vak\u0131f \u00fcniversitelerinin devlet \u00fcniversitelerinden farklar\u0131 kendi \u00f6nceliklerini saptay\u0131p buna g\u00f6re eleman alma ve \u00f6\u011frenci yeti\u015ftirme politikas\u0131 olu\u015fturabilmeleridir ki bu da \u015fu anki mevcut durum i\u00e7inde asl\u0131nda bir \u00e7e\u015fitlilik ve zenginlik yaratmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zel kurulu\u015flar eliyle y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretimin sunumu de\u011fi\u015fik bi\u00e7imlerde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmektedir. Bunlar aras\u0131nda kar amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen (non-profit) vak\u0131f \u00fcniversiteleri (Harvard, Stanford), kar amac\u0131 g\u00fcden (for-profit) kurum \u00fcniversiteleri (University of Phoenix, Dewry University), \u015firket (corporate) \u00fcniversiteleri (Motorola University, Oracle University), s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi (transnational) \u00fcniversiteler (Nottingham, The Apollo Group) ve sanal (virtual) \u00fcniversiteler (Tec de Monterry) bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Amerika’daki \u00fcniversite sistemini di\u011fer \u00fclkelerden farkl\u0131 ve \u00fcst\u00fcn k\u0131lan
\nsistemin s\u00fcrekli bir de\u011ferlendirmeden ge\u00e7irilmesi, raporlar yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 ve
\nelde edilen sonu\u00e7lara g\u00f6re \u00f6nlemlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin bu raporlarda doktora e\u011fitimi bir bilim dal\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm konular\u0131 kapsayan standart model, alt disiplin modeli, disiplinler aras\u0131 model, probleme y\u00f6nelik model, ya da disiplinler \u00fcst\u00fc model olarak
\ns\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131labilmektedir. Oysa \u00fclkemizde \u00fcniversitelerde \u00f6\u011frencilere hala standart doktora programlar\u0131 sunulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bir \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencisine verilecek e\u011fitimin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 nerededir? T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ne yaz\u0131k ki \u00f6\u011frencilerin belli bir kal\u0131ba d\u00f6k\u00fclerek ve belli bir modele g\u00f6re ko\u015fulland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, fakl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n bilenmesi yerine t\u00f6rp\u00fclenerek yok edilmesi, adeta ayn\u0131 tornadan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, d\u00fcnyay\u0131 tek bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla g\u00f6ren, i\u015flerin yap\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ayn\u0131 yolu izleyen, kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme sistemleriyle di\u011ferleriyle hi\u00e7bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermeyen tek tip insan yeti\u015ftirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131 olarak sunulmaktad\u0131r. Ya da bir \u00fcniversitenin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 kimi zaman yay\u0131n indeksine bakarak belirlenmekte, kimi zamanda \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen yay\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 hesaplanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Measuring Up 2008 Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011frenim Raporu\u2019na (U.S.A) g\u00f6re bir \u00fclkenin y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011fretimdeki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131\/ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlayan kriterler \u015funlard\u0131r: 1.y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenime haz\u0131rl\u0131ktaki ba\u015far\u0131 2. y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenime kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 3. y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenimin aile\/\u00f6\u011frenci taraf\u0131ndan maddi olarak kar\u015f\u0131lanabilmesi 4. y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenime kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n \u00fcniversiteyi bitirebilmesi 5. y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenim mezunlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclke ekonomisine katk\u0131s\u0131 6.\u00fcniversite e\u011fitimi alm\u0131\u015f vatanda\u015flar\u0131n ya\u015famla ilgili bilgi ve becerileri.<\/p>\n
Bug\u00fcn gelinen noktada y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenim Y\u00d6K sisteminden \u00f6\u011frenci al\u0131m\u0131na, rekt\u00f6rl\u00fck se\u00e7iminden \u00fcniversitelerin mal\u00ee ve idari \u00f6zerkli\u011fine kadar yo\u011fun problemlerin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00fcreklilik kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir alan haline gelmi\u015ftir. Y\u00d6K taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen d\u00fczenleyici sistem de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir ve \u00fcniversitelerin i\u00e7 y\u00f6netimine fazla m\u00fcdahaleci bir tutumdan vazge\u00e7ilebilir. Sorunlar\u0131n ele al\u0131n\u0131\u015f\u0131 en alttaki yetkilinin sorumlulu\u011funda olabilir, yani \u2018yerindenlik\u2019 kavram\u0131na dayand\u0131r\u0131labilir. Sistemin t\u00fcm a\u015famalar\u0131nda ve i\u015fleyi\u015fi s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6z de\u011ferlendirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yap\u0131labilir. T\u00fcm akt\u00f6rlere (rol alanlara) sorumluluk y\u00fcklenebilir.<\/p>\n
\u00dcniversitelerin belli ba\u015fl\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 misyonu bulunmaktad\u0131r: e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim sunmak, ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapmak ve toplumsal hizmet vermek. \u00dcniversitelerin bu \u00fc\u00e7 misyonu da yerine getirirken ayn\u0131 anda en iyiyi yakalamalar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr. \u00d6nemli olan \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fen ko\u015fullar\u0131na uygun siyasalar\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi ve y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evresindeki di\u011fer kurum ve kurulu\u015flarla birlikte evrilmeleridir. Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim hem kamunun mal\u0131d\u0131r hem de kamu eliyle \u00fcretilmekte olan bir hizmettir. 1984 y\u0131l\u0131nda Vak\u0131f \u00dcniversitelerinin T\u00fcrk Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretimine girmeleriyle bu kamu mal\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zel olarak sunumu ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilkent \u00dcniversitesi (1984), Ko\u00e7 \u00dcniversitesi (1992) ilk vak\u0131f \u00fcniversiteleridir. T\u0131pk\u0131 devlet \u00fcniversitelerinde oldu\u011fu gibi 2547 say\u0131l\u0131 Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011frenim Kanunu\u2019na tabidirler. \u015eu anda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 94 devlet, 38 vak\u0131f \u00fcniversitesi bulunmaktad\u0131r. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[190,230,241,243],"class_list":["post-185","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genel","tag-selcuk-pehlivanoglu","tag-turk-egitim-dernegi","tag-universite","tag-universiteler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.selcukpehlivanoglu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/185","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.selcukpehlivanoglu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.selcukpehlivanoglu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.selcukpehlivanoglu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.selcukpehlivanoglu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=185"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.selcukpehlivanoglu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/185\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1923,"href":"https:\/\/www.selcukpehlivanoglu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/185\/revisions\/1923"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.selcukpehlivanoglu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=185"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.selcukpehlivanoglu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=185"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.selcukpehlivanoglu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=185"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"